The Hazards of Sodium Hydroxide

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Sodium hydroxide is one of the most risky chemicals. It is one of the strongest alkaline, known as caustic soda or lye. It is white, odorless and non-volatile in aqueous solutions. It is not readily flammable. However, it is a highly reactive substance. It forms an exothermic solution with water, evolving heat which may ignite combustible materials nearby. Its reaction with other metals yields hydrogen gas which ignites in the nearnessy of oxygen. Moreover, this substance is highly corrosive.

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This combination is found in many manufacturing plants. It is used in the following market purposes: manufacture of soaps, detergents and cleaning agents; processing of cotton and yield of rayon and cellophane; processing of petroleum and natural gas; manufacture of pulp and paper; and discrete other chemical processing like pH control and acid neutralization. This chemical is also found in textile processing, vegetable oil refining, water treatment, manufacture of glass, preparation of adhesives, and stabilization of sodium hypochlorite. It is used in the processing of aluminum and degreasing of metals.

This combination is either used in industries as a pure solid substance or in solutions with water at varying concentrations. It may be found with impurities like sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, and metals like iron and nickel.

This chemical is known in chemistry to be one of the most risky substances that must be handled with extreme caution.

This alkaline substance does not form vapors but may form aerosol dust which can be inhaled. Reports from cases of inhalation of caustic soda propose that this combination has the quality to irritate the respiratory tract lining. A lung injury known as pulmonary edema or the accumulation of fluid in the lungs may happen. Workers exposed to a hot mist of this combination in unventilated area will experience tightness of chest, strangeness in breathing, and cough. This is due to the body's defense mechanism against the irritant. There was a reported case of a man who sustained severe pulmonary injury due to inhalation of aerosol containing the substance. This happened when water was poured onto sodium hydroxide pellets.

This combination is very corrosive that it should not come in experience with any part of the body. During skin exposure, the substance causes severe burning, ulceration and scarring. One of the dangers of skin exposure is that the chemical tends to destroy deeper layers of the skin until it is washed off. The extent of injury depends on the length and amount of exposure.

Another thing which must be guarded is the possibility of eye experience because the chemical can perforate deep into the eyes. One of the most sure symptoms of eye injury due to exposure is damage on the cornea accompanied by clouding and loss of normal vision. This could advance to eye disorders like glaucoma and cataract. The ulceration and clouding in the eye may continue resulting to permanent blindness.

Accidental ingestion of the alkaline may consequent to even more serious conditions. The substance is likely to corrode anyone in its path. Thus, severe burns in the mouth, throat, esophageal lining, and gastric lining may happen. This could be accompanied by vomiting and loose bowel movement. In severe cases hemorrhage and perforation may occur, which leads to death.

These, however, are results of introductory and acute exposures. Persisting exposure is one thing that concerns most workers in market plants where sodium hydroxide is introduced and utilized. Continual skin experience causes the skin to come to be dry, cracked, and inflamed. Persisting respiratory exposure may cause serious obstruction in the airway.

A research was conducted to decide either the inorganic base is responsible for cancer. Individuals who were often exposed to it were called in for the study. There is a speculation that the alkaline causes cancer of the esophagus to individuals who have accidentally swallowed it. However, the cancer does not manufacture until more than ten years from exposure. The same cancer tissue growth has been noticed in areas of the skin that suffered former burns. But experts believe that the cancerous growths have been due to the damage to the tissue and formation of scar and not directly caused by chemical exposure.

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